EDITION

SOURCES OF FREEMASONRY

PAPWORTH

MANUSCRIPT

TRANSLATED BY:

KARLO HAMEDER

BOOK No. 8

Rukopis Papworth

(c. 1714. n.e.)

Prevod: Karla Hamedera

Ova e-knjiga posvećena je Katarini Karlu i Violi

UVOD

Rukopis u posedu Vajata Papvorta (Wyatt Papworth) iz Londona, kupio je navedeni gospodin od jednog londonskog knjižara 1860. godine. Kako neki od vodenih žigova na papiru na kojem je napisan nose inicijale GR, s krunom kao vodenim žigom, jasno je da rukopis ne može biti stariji od 1714. godine, a to je godina kada je na tron seo prvi Džordž (George). Najverojatnije se radi o nekom kasnijem datumu, možda 1720. godini.

Velecasni A.F.A. Vudford (Woodford) je ovako opisao izgled rukopisa: "Svitak je prvobitno napisan na stranicama velicine preklopnice, koje su potom spojene u kontinuiranu rolnu, a nakon toga, verovatno radi vece prakticnosti, stranice su ponovo razdvojene rezanjem, i sada cini knjigu koja sadrži dvadeset i cetiri folia, uklopljene zajedno u svetlosmedem papirnatom omotu. Tekst je podebljanog karaktera, ali napisan tako nepravilno da ima malo uzastopnih stranica koje imaju isti broj redaka, proseka oko sedamnaest po stranici." Rukopis nije kompletan, tri ili cetiri dužnosti su izostavljene, mada je neko napisao, razlicitim rukopisom, rec Finis na dnu poslednje stranice. Cini se da je rukopis jednostavno kopija, pisan malo manje starinskim jezikom, neke starije Konstitucije. Objavio ga je Br:. Hjuan (Hughan) 1872. godine u svojim Starim dužnostima britanskih slobodnih zidara.

Papworth Manuscript

(ca. 1714.CE.)

Translation by Karlo Hameder

This book is dedicated to Catherine Karl and Viola

Introduction

A manuscript in the possession of Wyatt Papworth, of London, who purchased it from a bookseller of that city in 1860. As some of the watermarks of the paper on which it is written bear the initials G. R., with a crown as a watermark, it is evident that the manuscript cannot be older than 1714, that being the year in which the first of the Georges ascended the throne. It is most probably of a still more recent date, perhaps 1720.

The Rev. A. F. A. Woodford has thus described its appearance: "The scroll was written originally on pages of foolscap size, which were then joined into a continuous roll, and afterward, probably for greater convenience, the pages were again separated by Cutting them, and it now forms a book, containing twenty-four folios, served together in a light-brown paper cover. The text is of a bold character, but written so irregularly that there are few consecutive pages which have the same number of lines, the average being about seventeen to the page." The manuscript is not complete, three or four of the concluding charges being omitted, although someone has written, in a hand different from that of the text, the word Finis at the bottom of the last page. The manuscript appears to have been simply a copy, in a little less antiquated language, of some older Constitution. It has been published by Brother Hughan (1872) in his Old Charges of the British Freemasons.

U BOGA JE SVA VERA NAŠA

O, Moći Oca Neba, sa mudrošću Sina njegovog blaženog, kroz milost Boga i dobrotu Duha Svetoga i tri Bića u jednom Bogu neka budi uz nas na početku našem i daj nam milosti da nas vodi u životu da bismo primljeni bili u blaženstvo Njegovo večno. Amin.

Braćo i Pomoćnici dobri, cilj nam je da vam kažemo kako i na koji način taj vrstan Nauk Zidarstva beše otpočeo i kako su ga kasnije vrsni kraljevi i prinčevi i mnogi drugi časni ljudi zasnovali, a takođe ćemo sve koji su tu upoznati sa Dužnostima koje pripadaju svim pravim Zidarima da ih iskreno čuva; ako ih dobro pazi dragoceno će biti da ih se čuva za vrsnu Veštinu i retku Nauku jer postoji Sedam liberalnih nauka od kojih sedam jedno je od njih, a nazivi tih sedam su ovi: prva jeste Gramatika i ona uči čoveka da govori ispravno i piše ispravno, a druga je Retorika, koja uči čoveka da govori lepo i koristi uzvišene izraze, a treća je Logika, koja uči čoveka da razlikuje istinu od laži, a četvrta je Aritmetika, koja uči računanju i izračunavanju svakojakih brojeva, peta je Geometrija koja uči merama i merenju, te tako svim stvarima Nauka povezanim sa Zidarstvom, šesta nauka se zove Muzika i ona uči čoveka pesmi i pevanju i sviranju harfe i trube, sedma nauka se naziva Astronomija, koja uči čoveka da poznaje kretanje sunca, meseca i zvezda. To je sedam liberalnih nauka koje se sve zasnivaju na Geometriji jer Geometrija uči o merama i merenju, procenjivanju i određivanju težine svakovrsnih stvari na kugli zemaljskoj; jer nema nikoga koji radi u nekom nauku a da ne radi na osnovu neke mere ili merenja niti da postoji ijedan čovek koji kupuje i prodaje da ne koristi neku meru ili merenje, već kupuje i dobija po nekoj meri ili merenju ili kupuje po nekoj težini, a sve to je Geometrija, a svi trgovci i svi zanati i svi ostali su od ovih sedam nauka, naročito oni koji oru i obrađuju zemlju i seju svakovrsno zrnevlje i semena, oni koji gaje vinovu lozu i odgajivači su ostalog voća. Jer ni u Gramatici ili Retorici ili Astronomiji, niti u bilo kojoj drugoj od sedam liberalnih nauka niko ne može da nađe meru ili merenje bez Geometrije, te stoga mislimo da ova nauka Geometrije jeste najvrednija i sve ostale se zasnivaju na njoj.

Reći ću vam kako su te vrsne Nauke započele. Pre potopa Noinog beše čovek koji se zvao Lameh, kako je u Bibliji zapisano, u poglavlju zvanom Postanak. Taj Lameh imađaše dve žene; jedna se zvala Ada, a druga Zila. Od te žene Ade imađaše dva sina, jednog nazvaše Džabel, a drugog Tubal. Od druge žene Zile on dobije sina i kćer, te to četvoro dece započeše sve zanate na svetu, Najstariji sin Džabel osnovaše Geometriju; imaše on stada ovaca i zemlju u poljima i prvo je obrađivaše kamen i drvo kako piše u gorespomenutom poglavlju Biblije. Džubal zasnuje Nauk Muzike, pevanje, harfu i organum, a treći brat Tubal Kain nauk obrade zlata, srebra, bakra, gvožđa i mesinga i čelika, a kćer zasnuje nauk tkanja.

A ta deca znadoše dobro da će se Bog osvetiti za greh (što čovek počini) bilo vatrom ili vodom, tako da zapisaše Nauke na dva kamena stuba koja bi se mogla pronaći nakon Noinog potopa. Jedan stub beše od mermera tako da ga vatra nije mogla uništiti, a drugi se stub zvaše Latirnes i nije mogao da potone. Nameravamo da vam kažemo kako su ovi stubovi, na kojima behu zapisane nauke, pronađeni.

Veliki Hermes je bio Kabov (Cub) sin, a Kab je bio Noin sin. Ovi Harmarini su kasnije nazvani Hermesom, ocem mudrih. On je našao jedan od dva kamena stuba i počeo da koristi Nauke koje tamo behu zapisane i učio je ljude tim naukama. U vreme izgradnje Vavilonske kule, mnogo se primenjivalo Zidarstvo i sam Nimrod beše jedan od Zidara i mnogo je voleo taj nauk, kako majstori istorije kažu. Kada je Niniva, kao i drugi gradovi istoka, trebala da se gradi, Nimrod iz Babela uputi tamo 60 Zidara na molbu kralja Ninive, rođaka njegovog, Kad ih tako uputi u Ninivu, da im u Dužnost da budu iskreni jedni prema drugima, da se iskreno međusobno vole i da treba da služe svoga gospodara za platu koju dobijaju, tako da Majstor njihov bude poštovan i sve ono što pripada njemu, te im dade i druge Dužnosti i to beše prvi put da je Zidar dobio Dužnosti svoga Nauka.

Štaviše, kada Avram i njegova žena Sara bejahu otišli u Egipat, tamo on stade učiti Egipćane ovim 7 Naukama, a imaše vrsnog učenog čoveka, velikog Euklida koji je učio baš dobro i beše Majstor svih 7 liberalnih nauka i desilo se da su u njegovo vreme gospodari raznih područja carevine imali mnogo sinova, koje su dobili od svojih žena, a i svojih robinja. Žega u toj zemlji beše velika, a u njoj postojaše mnoge generacije, te ne mogaše da obezbede život svojoj deci. Stoga imaše velike jade, pa je kralj te zemlje sazvao Savet i Parlament da bi razmotrili kako da svojoj deci obezbede da žive pošteno kao plemići, ali nisu mogli da nađu dobar način da to ostvare. Tada razaslaše poziv po čitavom Carstvu da se pronađe čovek koji bi ih savetovao i da taj dođe do njih te će biti bogato nagrađen za svoje doputovanje. Nakon što je upućen rečeni poziv, dođe taj vrsni službenik Euklid i on reče kralju i ostalim velikim gospodarima da će, ako ga odvedu do njihove dece, da ih nauči jednu od sedam nauka, čime će ovi moći da žive kao pošteni plemići pod uslovom da njemu i toj deci obezbede posao, da mu se da pravo da vlada njima na način na koji bi to zahtevala Nauka, te da kralj i sav njegov Savet treba da zaključe sporazum. Tada ovaj vrsni doktor povede te plemiće i nauči ih Nauci Geometrije i obradi kamena, svim načinima vrednog rada na gradnji crkava i hramova, palata i kula, bogatih zgrada i svakojakih drugih zdanja. i da im Dužnosti u tom smislu.

Prva je bila da treba da budu iskreni prema svom kralju i gospodaru kojem duguju, te treba da se vole i budu iskreni jedan prema drugom i da jedan drugog zovu kolegom ili bratom, a ne slugom ili podlacom ili bilo kojim drugim pogrdnim imenom. Takođe treba da iskreno zasluže svoju nadnicu koju primaju od gospodara i Majstora kojeg služe, a najmudrijeg među sobom treba da odrede za Majstora radova i to ne iz ljubavi ili zbog porekla i bogatstva niti treba da favorizuju nekoga ko nema dovoljno veštine za položaj Majstora gospodarevih radova, čime bi gospodar bio loše služen, a oni sami bi se stideli. A u vreme kada rade sa njim treba da ga zovu Majstorom-Upravnikom radova, i odredi on mnoge druge Dužnosti, koje bi ovde bilo predugo navoditi. Takođe im je naložio da se zakunu na (izvršenje) svih Dužnosti koje su ljudi imali u to vreme i odredi im razumna primanja i nadnice tako da bi mogli da žive pošteno. A takođe da treba da dođu i okupe se jednom godišnje i dogovore se kako bi najbolje radili u korist gospodara i na svoju čast, te da koriguju među sobom (ponašanje) onoga koji se ogrešio o Nauk, pa su tako tamo udareni temelji Nauka. I vrsni gospodin Euklid nazva to Geometrijom, a sada se naziva Zidarstvo širom zemlje. Pošto su mnogo kasnije deca Izraela zaista došla u zemlju Behest koja se među nama sada naziva zemljom Jerusalimom, David započe gradnju Hrama Gospodnjeg koji se zvaše Templum Domini, a sada se zove Hram jerusalimski, a taj kralj David mnogo voleše Zidare i dobro ih je pazio i davao im dobre dnevnice i dao im Dužnosti i manire, kako je to naučio u Egiptu. Euklid im je dao Dužnosti o kojima ćeš da čuješ kasnije. Nakon smrti kralja Davida, Solomon, sin kralja Davida, izgradi hram koji je njegov otac započeo, a potom je razaslao Zidare u razne delove različitih zemalja i okupio ih je, te je tako imao 80 hiljada radnika koji su obrađivali kamen i svi oni zvali su se Zidari. Od njih je odabrao tri hiljade kojima je naloženo da budu Majstori i upravnici njegovih radova. Štaviše, bio je tu i kralj jednog drugog područja kog su ljudi zvali Hiram i taj je mnogo voleo kralja Solomona i dao mu je vešte ljude da mu rade. Imao je sina po imenu Benaim, a taj beše Majstor Geometrije i bio je Majstor svih svojih Zidara i klesar, kao i Majstor svih vrsta umeća koji su se koristili u gradnji Hrama, a o tome postoji svedočanstvo u Knjizi kraljeva zvanom Libro Regum Cap. 30.

Taj je Solomon davao naredbe, Dužnosti i propise o manirima koje je njegov otac dobio od Zidara, te je tako taj vrstan Nauk potvrđen u zemlji Jerusalimu. Znaja željni Zidari razaslati su po belom svetu u mnoga druga kraljevstva i razne zemlje, neki da bi bolje naučili Nauk i postali veštiji, neki da bi učili one koji nisu bili dovoljno vešti. Desilo se da se tu našao jedan Zidar koji se zvao Nimus Graneus, koji je učestvovao u izgradnji Solomonovog hrama i taj je došao u Francusku i tamo učio ljude nauku Zidarstva. A bio je tu i jedan regalijanac francuski koji se zvao Šarl Merten (Charles Merten), čovek koji je mnogo voleo takav nauk, a gorespomenuti Nimus Graneus reče da je od njega učio nauk i primio Dužnosti i manire a kasnije je izabran da bude kralj Francuske. Kada beše na svom posedu uzeo je ljude da ih proizvede u Zidare kojih tada nije bilo i odobravao im Povelju iz godine u godinu i održavao im njihovu Skupštinu gde bi bili i pazio ih, te tako nauk dođe u Francusku. Svo to vreme Engleska beše bez zidarskih dužnosti sve do vremena Sv. Albana. Tadašnji kralj Engleske beše paganin; pozove on Sv. Albana, a Sv. Alban beše vrstan vitez i kraljev nadzornik i upravnik njegovog domaćinstva i kraljevstva, a upravljao je i izgradnjom gradskih zidina. Mnogo je voleo Zidare i pazio ih i odredio im pravičnu dnevnicu u skladu sa dobrim stanjem kraljevine jer im je davao 2 šilinga i šest penija nedeljno i tri penija njihovim predstavnicima. Pre toga vremena, u celoj je zemlji Zidar dobijao po jedan peni dnevno sve dok Sv. Alban to nije povećao, a od kralja i Saveta obezbedio im je i Dužnosti da bi održavali generalnu Skupštinu ili Savet i tom skupu dade naziv Skupština kojoj je i sam prisutvovao i pomagao da se uzdignu u Zidare i davao im Nauk, kako ćete kasnije čuti. Neposredno nakon što je Sv. Alban preminuo, usledili su razni ratovi u i van Engleske tako da su dobra pravila Zidarstva nestala sve do vremena kralja Atelstona, koji je bio vrstan kralj Engleske i doneo toj zemlji mir i izgradio mnoga zdanja kao što su opatije i kule i sve ostale vrste zgrada. On je voleo Zidare, a imao je sina koji se zvao Edwin, a taj je voleo Zidare i više nego njegov otac i bio je veliki praktičar Geometrije. Privlačili su ga Zidari i mnogo je voleo da razgovara i druži sa njima, te da uči nauk od njih. Proizveden je u Zidara i od kralja, svoga oca dobio Povelju i zaduženje da svake godine saziva Skupštinu gdegod to Zidari žele, u okviru kraljevine Engleske. Tu bi, među sobom ispravljali greške i rešavali prestupe u okviru nauka. On je sam održao Skupštinu u Jorku i primio tamo Zidare i dao im Dužnosti i naučio ih manirima i naložio im da se drže pravila za sva vremena i uzeo za njih Povelju i zaduženje kojih će se držati i izradio propise koji treba da se obnavljaju od kralja do kralja. Kad se Skupština sastala pozvao je sve stare i mlade Zidare koji su imali bilo kakav dokument ili sporazum o Manirima i Dužnostima, koji su ispostavljeni pre dolaska u Zemlju, ili bilo šta drugo, da treba da ih prikažu i ako se pokaže da su neki takvi dokumenti na francuskom, a neki na grčkom ili nekim drugim jezicima, a da im je namera u svih ista; izradio je knjigu o tome kako je nauk osnovan, a on sam zahtevaše da se ona pročita ili izgovori kada se neki Zidar prima da bi tako dobio Dužnosti, a od toga dana do sada, maniri Zidara su se održali u tom obliku, tako da bi se ljudi po tome ravnali. Štaviše, na raznim Skupštinama određivahu se određene Dužnosti po najboljim preporukama Majstora i Pomoćnika.

Tunc unus ex senioribus tenet Librum ut illc illi ponant manus super Librum et tunc praecepta deberent legi (Tada jedan od starijih drži knjigu, oni polože ruku na nju, pa se tada čitaju pravila).

Svaki Zidar ko je pravi Zidar treba da pazi na ove Dužnosti; ako neko zgreši po bilo kom od ovih pravila protiv Boga treba to da poporavi i ispravi ono za šta bi ga optužili, jer zakleti se na Knjigu, a ne ispoštovati velika je opasnost.

IN GOD IS ALL OUR TRUST

The might of the Father of Heaven with the wisdom of his blessed Son through the grace of God & goodness of the Holy Ghost, who are three persons in one Godhead, be with us at our beginning & give us the grace to govern us here in this life so that we may come to his Bliss that shall never end. Amen.

Good Brethren & Fellows, our purpose is to tell you how & in what manner this worthy Craft of Masonry was begun & afterward how it was founded by worthy Kings & Princes & many other worshipful men & also to them that that be here, we will declare the Charges that belong to every true Mason to keep, in good faith if those who take good heed, it is well worthy to be kept well for a worthy Craft & curious Science. For there are seven liberal sciences of which seven it is one of them & the names of the seven are these: the first is Grammar and it teaches a man to speak truly & write truly and the second is Rhetoric, which teaches a man to speak fairly & in sublime terms, & the third is Logic & it teaches a man to discern truth from falsehood, and the fourth is Arithmetic and it teaches a man to reckon & account all manners of Numbers, and the fifth is Geometry and it teaches measures & measurement of either & so all other things, of which one is Masonry, and the sixth science is called Music and it teaches a man singing and voice of tongue & playing the organ, the harp & the trumpet, and the seventh science is Astronomy and it teaches a man to know the course of the Sun, of the Moon & of the stars. These are the Seven liberal Sciences, and all of them have been founded by one, which is Geometry and this may prove that the Science of the work has been founded by Geometry, for Geometry teaches measures & measurement, ponderation & weight of all sorts of things on earth; for there is no man that works in any craft that he does not work using some measure or measurement, nor there is a man who buys & sells, that he does not buy & get by some measure or measurement or buys by some weight, and all this is Geometry, and these Merchants and all the Crafts & all the other of these Seven Sciences & especially the Plowmen & Tillers of all sorts of Grains & seeds, vine flowers & setters of other fruit. For in neither Grammar nor Rhetoric nor Astronomy nor in any other of all the Seven liberal Sciences man cannot find measure or measurement without Geometry, wherefore we think that this Science of Geometry is the most worthy & it has founded all the others.

I shall tell how these worthy sciences were first begun. Before Noah's Flood there was a man called Lamech, as it is written in the Bible in the Chapter 4 of Genesis, & this Lamech had 2 wives; the name of the one of them was Adah & the other was Zillah. From his wife Adah he got 2 sons and he named the one Jabal & the other Tubal, and from the other wife Zillah he begat a Son and a Daughter, and these 4 Children founded the beginning of all Crafts in the World, & his eldest son Jabal founded the craft of Geometry, he had flocks of Sheep & lamds in the fields, & he first wrought in hewing of Stone and trees, as it is noted in the above said Chapter, and his brother Jubal founded the craft of Music, song and tongue Harp & Organ, & the third brother Tubal Cain founded the craft called Smith Craft of gold, silver, copper, iron & brass & steel and the daughter founded the Craft of Weaving.

And these children knew well that God would take vengeance for the Sin either by fire or water, wherefore they wrote the Sciences that they had founded on two Pillars of Stone so that they may be found after Noah's Flood, and one Stone was of Marble since it would not burn with fire, and the other stone was called Latirnes & it would not drown in water. Our intent is to tell you how these Stones were found in which the Sciences were written.

The great Hermes was Cub, Noah's son. This Harmarine was afterwards called Hermes the father of wise men. He found one of the 2 Pillars of stone and he found the sciences written therein and he taught them to other men. And at the making of the Tower of Babylon, Masonry was used a lot, & the great Nimrod was a Mason himself & he loved the Craft a lot, as the Masters of History say, and when the city of Niniveh and other Cities of the East were to be made, Nimrod of Babel sent thither 60 Masons at the Request of the king of Nineveh, his Cousin, & when he sent them forth he gave them a Charge saying that they should be true to each other, that they should truly love being together & they should serve their Lord for their pay so that their Master might be respected, & all that belongs to him, & he gave them other Charges, and this was the first time that a Mason had ever any charge of his Craft.

Moreover, when Abraham and his wife Sarah went to Egypt & there he taught the 7 Sciences to the Egyptians, and he had a worthy scholar, named Euclid, & he learned right well, & was a Master of all the 7 liberal Sciences, and it befell in his time that the Lords of States of the Realm had many sons that they had gotten some from their wives & some from the Ladyes of that Realm, for that land is a hot land & plenteous in generations & they had no competent living to find their children, & wherefore they were very worried, & then the King of that land held a great Counsel & a Parliament to find a solution, so that those children may live honestly like gentlemen, but they could find no good way to it. So they then sent Criers to all corner of the realm asking if there were a man who could inform them about the problem, that he should come to them & he would be well rewarded for his travel. After this Cry was made, then came this worthy clerk Euclyd & he said to the King and to all the great Lords: if you take me to your Children to govern them & to teach them one of the Seven Sciences wherewith they may live honestly as gentlemen should, under the condition that he will grant me & them a Commission that I may have the power to Rule them after the manner that the Science ought to be ruled & the King & all his Counsel granted him & sealed their Commission and then this worthy Doctor took to him these Lords & taught the science of Geometry in practice to do all sorts of works in stone that belong to the building of Churches & Temples, Castles & Towers, Manors & all other kinds of Buildings. And he gave them a Charge in this manner.

The first was that they shall be true to their King & to the lord that they owe & that they shall love working together & be true to one another & that they shall call each other fellow or brother and not servant or Knave, or any foul name, & that they should truly deserve their pay from the lord or the Master that they serve, & they should ordain the wisest of them to be Master of the works & neither for love or great Linage, riches nor favour to set another, who has little cunning to be a Master of the lord's work, whereby the Lord shall be badly served and they ashamed. And also that they should call the Governor of the Work, Master, during the time they work with him, and he made many more Charges, that would be too long to tell, and to all the Charges he made them to swear swear a great Oath, which men used in that time & also ordained for them reasonable pay or wages for them, so that they might live honestly. And also that they should come & assemble together once every year and discuss how they might work best to serve the Lord for his profit and to their own worship & to correct, within themselves, those who had trespassed against the Craft, & thus was the craft grounded thereupon. And that worthy Master Euclid gave it the name of Geometry and now it is called Masonry throughout the land. So, a long time after the Children of Israel came into the Land of the Behest, which is now called amongst us the Country of Jerusalem, David began the Temple of the Lord, which is called Templum Domini, which is also called the Temple of Jerusalem & this King David loved Masons a lot & cherished them much & gave them good pay & he gave them the Charge & the manner as he had learned Euclid gave them in Egypt, and more Charges you shall hear about afterwards. After the decease of King David, Solomon, who was King David's Son, performed out the Temple that his father had begun and, he sent after [for hiring] Masons in divers Countries of divers lands & got them together so that he had 80 thousand workers of Stone & were all called Masons & he choosed out three thousand that were ordained to be Masters & Governors of his Works. And furthermore, there was a King of another Region, who was called Hiram & he loved King Solomon a lot and he gave him cunning men to work, & had a son who was called Benaim & he was a Master of Geometry & was Master of all his Masons and Carvers and of all the other manner of Works belonging to the Temple and this is witnessed in the Book of Kings called Libro Regum, chapter 30.

This Solomon gave Orders, Charges & Manners (see, Ethics of Masonry) that his Father had got from the Masons and thus was this worthy Craft confirmed in the Country of Jerusalem, & in many other kingdoms curious craftsmen were sent full wide into divers Countries to learn more Craft & Cunning, & some to teach those who had little cunning & it befell that there was one cunning Mason, who was called Nimus Graneus, who was at the making of Solomon's Temple, & he came into France & there he taught the science of Masonry there to men of France. There was a Regalian of France who was called Charles of Merten & he was a man that loved well such Craft & Nimus Graneus mentioned above, who taught him the Craft & took upon him the Charge & manners, & afterwards was elected to be King of France & when he was in his estate he took Masons & undertook to make men Masons, since there were none, & gave them both the Charge & manner how to pay, as he had learned of other Masons, & confirmed them a Charter from year to year, & to hold their Assembly wherever they would [like to] & cherished them much, & thus came the Craft into France. England all this time stood void of any charge of Masonry until Saint Albans time & in this time the King of England was a Pagan, about that yt is called St. Albans, & St. Alban was a worthy Knight and Steward of the King & of his Household & had Government of his Realm & also of making of the Town walls & he loved the Masons a lot & cherished them very much & he made their pay right good according to the standards of the Realm, for he gave them 2 Shillings & Six pence a week & three pence for their nuncheons and before that time, throughout the land, a Masons got only a penny a day untill St. Alban amended it & gave them a Charge of the King & of his Council for holding a general Assembly or Council and gave it the name of Assembly & thereat he attended himself, and helped to make Masons, and gave them the Art as you shall hear afterwards. Right after the decease of St. Alban, there came different wars into England from different nations so that the good Rule of Masonry was destroyed until the time of King Athelston, who was a worthy King of England & brought this land into rest & built many great Works like Abbeys & Towers and all other kinds of buildings, & loved Masons a lot. And he had a son called Edwin, who loved Masons even more than his father & was a great practitioner of Geometry & he was drawn to Masons & loved talking and communicating with them & to learn from them the Craft. He was made a Mason & he got from the King, his father, a Charter & Commission to hold every year one Assembly wheresoever they would within the Realm of England, and correct within themselves defaults & Trespasses that were done within the Craft, & he himself held an Assembly at York & there he made Masons and gave them Charges & taught them the Manner and commanded that rule to be kept ever after & gave them the Charter & Commission to keep and made Ordinances that it should be renewed from King to King & when the Assembly was gathered together he made a Cry that all old Masons & young that had any writing or understanding of the Manner & Charges that were made before in this land, or any other, that they should to show them forth & when it was proved there were some in French & some in Greek & some in other Languages & the intent of all of them was found the same, and he made a Book thereof on how the Craft was founded, and he himself bade and commanded that it shall be read or told when any Mason should be made, so to give him his Charges and from that that day to this time, the Manners of Masons have been kept in this form as men might govern it. Furthermore, at different Assemblies have been put & ordained certain Charges by the best advice of Masters & Fellows.

Tunc unus ex senioribus tenet Librum ut ille illi ponant manus super Librum & tunc praecepta deberent legi.   (Then one of the elders holds the book, they put their hand on it, and then the rules are read).

Every Mason that is a Mason takes right good heed to these Charges if any man finds himself guilty of any of these Charges that he committed against God and especially those that someone may be charged with to make them good because it is a great peril for a man to foreswear himself upon a Book.

PRVA DUŽNOST

Da on ili ti treba da budeš iskren prema Bogu i Svetoj Crkvi i ne grešiš niti se odaš jeresi po tvom shvatanju ili slobodi odlučivanja ili učenju mudraca.

Takode treba da budeš iskreni podanik kralja Engleske, da ne počiniš veleizdaju ili neku podmuklost, već da to sam popraviš ako možeš ili da obavestiš kralja ili njegov Savet.

Takode treba da budete iskreni jedni prema drugima, tj. Svaki Zidar zidarskog nauka koji je prihvaćeni Zidar treba da postupa sa drugima onako kako bi on želeo da se drugi odnose prema njemu.

A takode treba da poslušaš iskreno sve savete Lože i Komore i sve ostale savete kojih treba da se držiš na osnovu pripadnosti Zidarstvu.

Nijedan Zidar ne sme da bude lopovske naravi ili kradljivac, već uvek mora da svoj um i znanje koristi pošteno.

Takode treba da budeš iskren prema gospodaru ili Majstoru kojeg služiš i iskreno radiš u korist i prednost njegovu.

A ostale Zidare treba da zoveš Braćom ili kolegama, ali nikako pogrdnim imenima.

A takode ne treba da činiš blud sa ženom svoga kolege niti da žudiš grešno za ćerkom njegovom ni slugom niti ga stavljaš u potcenjeni položaj.

A takode treba pravo da platiš za hranu i piće onome kod koga si odseo.

A u tom mestu kuda ideš ne smeš da činiš nikakav bezobrazluk jer ćeš time štetiti nauku Zidarstva.

Ovo bi bile opšte Dužnosti kojih svaki Zidar treba da se drži da bi bio Majstor ili Pomoćnik.

Praktikuj inače ostale Dužnosti Majstora i Pomoćnika.

Prva je da nijedan Zidar ne treba da preuzme na sebe bilo kakav gospodarev posao ili posao drugih već onaj koji zna i sposoban je uraditi i ima dovoljno veštine da izvrši posao istog gospodara tako da nauk ne trpi ili da gubi poštovanje, već da se gospodar dobro i iskreno služi.

A takode nijedan Majstor ne prihvata se nikakvog posla već samo onog čiji rezultat može zaista da zadovolji gospodara svojim kvalitetom, a Majstoru da obezbedi pošten život i da može pravo da isplati svoje pomoćnike kako dolikuje.

Ni Majstor ni Pomoćnik ne treba da zamene druge u poslu njihovom, tj. ako Majstor uzme posao (drugih) a ostane Majstor gospodarevog posla ne treba ga angažovati, osim ako je toliko vešt da obavi ili završi isti posao (kojeg se prvobitno prihvatio).

Nijedan Majstor ili Pomoćnik ne treba da uzme šegrta na vreme kraće od sedam godina, a taj šegrt treba da je po rodenju slobodan čovek i da su mu svi udovi na broju, kao što bi kod čovek trebalo da bude.

Nijedan Majstor ili Pomoćnik ne treba da pristane da se neko proizvede u Majstora bez pristanka i saglasnosti najmanje šestorice ili sedmorice njegovih kolega, a taj koji treba da postane Majstor treba da bude sposoban, na svaki predvideni način, tj. treba da bude pravog slobodnog i dobrog porekla i da ne bude kmet i da su mu svi udovi na broju, kao što bi bilo normalno.

Nijedan Majstor ne treba da uzima šegrta ako nema toliko posla da može da zaposli najmanje dvojicu ili trojicu.

Nijedan Majstor ili Pomoćnik ne treba da prepusti gospodarev posao onome koji se sprema da ode kod drugoga.

Svaki Majstor treba da isplati svoje Pomoćnike kako zaslužuju tako da ga ne bi zavarali lažni radnici.

Niko ne sme da kleveće drugog iza njegovih leda da ovaj ne bi izgubio dobar glas ili svoju imovinu.

Nijedan Pomoćnik u Loži ne sme odgovarati drugome pogrdno ili drsko bez razloga.

Svaki Zidar treba da poštuje i obožava višeg po rangu.

Nijedan Zidar ne sme redovno da se bavi igrama na sreću, kockom niti nedozvoljenim igrama, čime bi nauk mogao da trpi.

Nijedan Pomoćnik ne treba da odlazi u krčmu kada se drže drugarske večeri (Lodge of Fellows) bez pratnje drugog Pomoćnika, koji može da posvedoči da se ovaj poneo na pošten način.

A takode svaki Zidar i Pomoćnik treba da dode u Udruženje ako se ono nalazi u krugu od 5 milja od njegovog mesta stanovanja, kada dobije poziv, a ako je zgrešio protiv Nauka treba da se pojavi pred Majstorima i Pomoćnicima i nastoji da ih razuveri u svoju krivicu, ako može, a ako ne uspe treba da mu se sudi po običajnom pravu. ^†

Da je ova kopija verna originalu potvrduje Gosp. Wyatt Papworth, marta 1872

†   Ostatak je izgubljen.

THE FIRST CHARGE

That he or you shall be tru to God & to the Holy Church & he shall use no error or heresy, as per your understanding or discretion or wise men's teaching.

And also that he shall be a true liege-man to the King of England without treason or treachery but you amend it privately if you may, or else tell the King or his Council.

And also you shall be true to another, that is to say, to every Mason of the Craft of Masonry, who is an allowed Mason and you shall do to them as you would like them to do to you.

And also that you keep truly all the Counsel of the Lodge & of the Chamber and all other counsel that ought to be kept by way of Masonhood.

And also that no Mason shall be thiefish or a thief, but as far as he may use honestly his with or his knowledge.

And also that you shall be true to the lord or the Master you serve & truly see his profit or advantage.

And also that you shall call Masons your brethren or your fellows but no other foul name.

And also that you shall not take in villany your fellow's wife nor desire ungodly his daughter or his servant nor put him to disworship.

And also that you pay truly for your meat & your drink where you go to board.

And also that you do no villany in that place where you have your board, whereby the Craft may be slandered.

These be the Charges in general that belong to every true Mason to be kept by both Masters and Fellows.

Rehearse other Charges in general for Masters and Fellows.

First, that no Mason shall take upon him any Lords work or other mens work but that he knows himself able & sufficient of cunning to performe such Lords work so that the Craft has no slander or disworship but the Lord may be well and truly served.

And also that no Master shall take any work but that which he may reasonable do so that the Lord may be truly served for his own good & the Master may live honestly & to pay his fellows truly as the manner is.

And also that no Master nor fellow shall supplant others in their work, that is to say, that he has taken a work or else stand Master of the Lords work you shall put him to work unless he is able of cunning to perform or end the same work.

And also that no Master nor Fellow take no Prentis within the term of seven years & the Pentis be able of Birth free born & of limbs whole as a man ought to be.

And that no Master nor Fellow take allowance to make any Mason without the assent and consent of his Fellows six or seven at least, & that he who shall be made Mason is able in every manner and degree, that is to say, free born & of good kindred & true & no bondman & also that he has the right limbs as a man ought to have.

And also that no Mason shall take any Prentis unless he has sufficient work to occupy one or two or three fellows at the least.

And also that no Master nor Fellows shall leave any Lords work if they want to go on a journey.

And also that every Master shall give pay to his Fellows but as they may deserve so that he may not be decoyed by false workmen.

And also that none shall slander another behind his back to cause him lose his good name or his worldly riches.

And also that no Fellow within the Lodge, or without, shall misanswer another ungodly or ribaldly without a cause.

And also that every Mason shall reverence his elder and put him to worship.

And also that no Mason shall take part in in hazard games or dice or play unlawful games whereby the Craft may be slandered.

And also that no Fellow shall go into a Tavern on nights when there is a Lodge of Fellows without he has a fellow with him so that this fellow may bear witness that he was in honest company.

And also that every Master and Fellow shall come to the Association if it is within 5 miles from him if he has been warned & if he has trespassed against the Craft shall stand there at the award of Masters & Fellows & if they may not accord, then to go to common law. ^†

Certified by Mr. Wyatt Papworth to be a true copy, March, 1872.

†   Remainder is lost.

Komentar prevodioca

Ovo je osmi svezak serije Poreklo slobodnog zidarstva, koji nam pruža mogućnost da sveobuhvatnije i tačnije sagledamo izvorišta mnogovrsnih tokova od kojih je nastalo "moderno" Slobodno zidarstvo ujedinjavanjem i pročišćavanjem operativno-zidarskih voda.

Baš kao što je operativno zidarstvo, možda nesvesno ili neplanirano, dalo potku i, u mnogočemu, simboliku slobodnog zidarstva, tako i današnje Slobodno zidarstvo, ovaj put svesno i svrhovito, utiče na dogadaje u ljudskoj zajednici. Iako joj površni i neuki profani svet pripisuje zlonamernost i "igranje Boga" kroz planirano nametanje modela, "novo" zidarstvo, nazvano slobodno, čini sasvim suprotno. Namerava graditi i raditi za bolje društvo, ono koje ima osećaj za svrhu. Medutim, ništa ne nameće već daje primjer takvog društva. To je mukotrpan posao, kojem mnogi članovi masonskog društva nisu dorasli, uglavnom zato što se ne mogu odupreti materijalnim izazovima modernog sveta, ali jednog dana će ljudski duh nadvladati okrutne učinke postojećih destruktivnih sila. Baš kao što su se najveća arhitektonska dela gradila vekovima i radala kroz bol, neuspehe i suze, tako će i budućnost ovog sveta ići u smeru koji je još u stvaranju.

Neosporno je da su stara gradevinska društva pripremila temelje za velika dela za dobrobit svih nas. Nažalost, mnogi od tih temelja su pokopani jer društvo u kojem su trebali da postoje nije bilo spremno za gradevine koje bi se na njima trebale graditi. Medutim, sam zbir moralnih i profesionalnih pravila regulisao je svet graditeljstva, jer taj svet nije trpio nepreciznost, proizvoljnost i lošu praksu. Ta su pravila odredivala pravac slobodnog zidarstva. Velike zgrade u kojima je svaki kamen na svom mestu, ručno izradeni ljubavlju gradevinara, nedvosmisleni su simbolizam idealnog ljudskog rada. Danas se divimo veličanstvenim gradevinama prošlosti, i sadašnjosti, ne razmišljajući o tome kako su napravljene i šta stoji iza takvog rezultata, kakvo znanje, preciznost, saradnja, medusobno uvažavanje, dogovor o pravilima i poštivanje propisanih standarda.

Ako ovo razumemo i nastojimo ga primijeniti u našem odnosu prema prirodnom svetu koji je stvorio Veliki Arhitekt Univerzuma, već smo pripremili svoj kamen za ugradivanje. Kada će se on iskoristiti, nije na nama da odlućimo, ali treba da znamo da će biti ugraden iako će neko možda odlučiti suprotno. Nije vas briga, jer ste ga završili, dobar je i daje primer koji se sledi. Neko će napraviti isti kamen koji će biti ugraden u buduću zgradu, ali će taj biti vaš isto toliko kao i onaj onoga drugoga.

Cini se da su stari rukopisi koji se bave ovom tematikom isti, transkripti, kopije, plagijati. Medutim, ne smatrajmo ih delima književne umetnosti; oni su tu da podsećaju, pa ih pročitajmo da ne zaboravimo kako se postiže nešto vredno.

Translator's Comment

This is the eighth volume of the Origins of Freemasonry series, which gives us the opportunity to view more comprehensively and accurately the sources of the multiple streams that have created "modern" Freemasonry by unifying and purifying the operative-masonry waters.

Just as operative masonry, perhaps unconsciously or in an unplanned way, offered the weft and, in many respects, the symbolism of Freemasonry, so does today's Freemasonry, this time consciously and purposefully, influence the events of the life of the human community. Although the superficial and ignorant profane world attributes to it maliciousness and "playing God" through the planned imposition of models, the "new" Masonry, called free, does quite the opposite. It intends to build and work for a better society, one where there is a sense of purpose. However, it does not impose anything but gives an example of such a society. It is a painstaking job that many members of the Masonic society have not grown up to, largely because they cannot resist the materialistic challenges of the modern world, but someday the human spirit will outweigh the cruel effects of the existing destructive forces. Just like the greatest works of architecture were worked on for centuries and delivered through pain, failures, and tears, so will the future of this world go in a direction that is still in the making.

It is indisputable that the old building societies have prepared the foundation for great works that shall serve us all. Unfortunately, many of these foundations were buried because the society in which they were supposed to exist was not ready for the edifices that were to be built on them. However, the very set of moral and professional rules did regulate the world of construction, because that world did not suffer imprecision, arbitrariness, and bad practice. Those rules determined the direction of Freemasonry. Large buildings, in which each stone is in place, hand-crafted by the builders' love, is an unambiguous symbolism of ideal human labour. Today we admire the magnificent buildings of the past, and the present, without thinking about how they were made and what lies behind such a result, what knowledge, precision, cooperation, mutual respect, agreement on rules and compliance with prescribed standards created them.

If we understand this and strive to apply it to our relationship to the natural world that the Great Architect of the Universe created, we have prepared our stone for being fitted in. When it will be used is not up to us to decide, but we need to know that it will be embedded, even though someone may decide on the opposite. It is not your concern because you have completed it, it is good and it gives an example to follow. Someone will make the same stone, which will be installed in a future building, but it will be yours to the same extent as it is one's other.

Old manuscripts dealing with this subject seem to be the same — transcripts, copies, plagiarism. However, let us not consider them as works of literary art; they are there to remind — let's read them so we don't forget how something worthwhile is achieved.